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Sustained attention · Meta-awareness

SART with Mind-Wandering Probes

SART (Robertson 1997) + mind-wandering probes (Smallwood & Schooler 2006; Christoff 2009 fMRI). The rare No-Go digit creates automatization pressure; commission errors index inhibition failures. Probes measure meta-awareness.

DifficultyExpert = strict academic parameters

Intermediate: 150 trials, 350 ms

Press space (or tap) for every digit — unless it's 3. Occasionally a probe asks where your attention was just before. Pick the best match.

History

No training records yet

Refs: Robertson 1997; Smallwood & Schooler 2006.

Scientific basis

SART + Mind-Wandering Probes · scientific basis

Sustained attention · Meta-awareness

Robertson 1997 established SART; Smallwood & Schooler 2006 made thought probes mainstream; Christoff et al. 2009 PNAS showed mind-wandering engages the default network.

Expert-mode parameters

These are the standard parameters from the canonical paradigm (used by the "Expert" difficulty).

ParameterStandard valueSource
Trials (Expert)225Robertson 1997
Stimulus duration250 msRobertson 1997
ITI900 msRobertson 1997
No-Go digit3Robertson 1997
Thought probes4-8 randomly inserted, 45-90 s apartSmallwood 2006; Christoff 2009

Healthy-population norms (by age)

Primary outcomes are No-Go (digit 3) commission rate and response-time coefficient of variation (RT-CV). Thresholds derived from Robertson 1997 (n=75 healthy adults), Smilek 2010 (n=152), Jackson 2012 and Maillet 2016 mean/SD by age; Excellent commission = mean − 1 SD. SART is designed to make inhibition hard, so adult baseline commission is ~38-40%. RT-CV is a robust ADHD marker — lower = more stable. Off-task probe reports decline with age. Assessment mode matches the band to your actual age.

Limitations Robertson 1997 is the foundational SART paper (n=75 adults, peer-reviewed); Smilek 2010 (n=152) provides reliable young-adult norms, giving adult 18-44 moderate evidence. Bands 55+ draw on Jackson 2012 and Maillet 2016 aging studies — moderate evidence, and they show a counter-intuitive trend of improving inhibition / lower off-task rate with age. Child and adolescent SART norms (8-17) are scarce and largely interpolated from neighbours (flagged `est` in norms.ts) — evidence is weak. The ~4-minute task length is sensitive to state fatigue — cross-reference with the in-app CPT (sustained attention) or Go/No-Go (impulse inhibition).
Age bandCommission ExcellentCommission MeanRT-CV MeanEvidence
8-9≤ 37%~55%~0.30weak (interpolated)
10-11≤ 33%~50%~0.26weak (interpolated)
12-13≤ 29%~45%~0.24weak (interpolated)
14-15≤ 25%~40%~0.22weak (interpolated)
16-17≤ 23%~38%~0.21weak (interpolated)
18-24≤ 22%~40%~0.20moderate
25-34≤ 21%~38%~0.20moderate
35-44≤ 21%~38%~0.20moderate
45-54≤ 17%~35%~0.21moderate
55-64≤ 14%~32%~0.23moderate
65+≤ 10%~28%~0.26moderate

Standard output metrics

  • ·Commission rateNo-Go errors (inhibition failure)
  • ·Go RT CVRT variability; higher = less stable
  • ·Off-task probe rateMeta-awareness indicator
  • ·Pre-error speedingRT acceleration before errors

Citations

  1. Robertson, I. H., Manly, T., Andrade, J., Baddeley, B. T., & Yiend, J. (1997). 'Oops!': Performance correlates of everyday attentional failures. Neuropsychologia, 35(6), 747-758. DOI
  2. Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2006). The restless mind. Psychol Bull, 132(6), 946-958. DOI
  3. Christoff, K., et al. (2009). Experience sampling during fMRI reveals default network and executive system contributions to mind wandering. PNAS, 106(21), 8719-8724. DOI
  4. Jackson, J. D., & Balota, D. A. (2012). Mind-wandering in younger and older adults. Psychol Aging, 27(1), 106-119. DOI
  5. Seli, P., et al. (2015). Motivation, intentionality, and mind wandering. J Exp Psychol LMC, 41(5), 1417-1425. DOI

All reference ranges come from published peer-reviewed literature. For personal training reference only — not a medical diagnosis. Full methodology: docs/PARADIGMS.md.

This tool is for educational and entertainment purposes only and does not constitute medical advice or a clinical diagnosis.

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